Point of view

According to Abrams, (1985:165) point of view is the way which a story tells the mode established by an author by means of whom the reader is presented with the characters, dialogue, actions, setting, and events, which constitute the narrative in a work of fiction; it can be said that point of view is perspective in a work of fiction. It can be said that point of view is perspective on events of a narrative and the position (which may change) from which the story is told.
Corroly (in Koesnobroto, 1988:87-88) states that there are four of points of view:

1) the omniscient point if view
The story told by the author using the third person and his knowledge and prerogative are unlimited.

2) the limits omniscient point of view
The author tells the story in the third person, but he tells it from the viewpoint of one character in the story. The author places himself at the elbow of this character, so to speak and to look at the events of the story through his eyes and through his mind.

3) the first person point of view
The author disappears into one of the character who tells the story in the first person. The character may be a major or minor character, protagonist or observer and it will make considerable difference whether the protagonist tells his own story or someone else tells it.

4) the objective point of view
The author disappears into a kind of roving sound camera, which can go anywhere but can record only what has seen and heard. It cannot comment, interpret, or enter a character’s mind with this point of view. Sometimes the authors calls the dramatic point of view. The reader is placed in the position of a spectator at a movie or play.

References:

Abrams, M.H. 1985. A Glossary of literary Term. New York: Holt Rinehart and Winston.

Koesnobroto, Sunaryo Basuki. 1988. The Anatomy of Proses Fiction. Dept.P&K Dirjen Dikti.